Giza

Giza This is a plateau southwest of modern Cairo that served as a necropolis for the royal families of the Fourth Dynasty (2575–2465 B.C.E.). The Great PYRAMID, erected in the reign of KHUFU (Cheops; 2551–2528 B.C.E.), is the largest of the plateau monuments and the only surviving Wonder of the Ancient World. There are other funerary monuments or relics that predate the Fourth Dynasty at Giza, and later pharaohs erected or converted existing ones....

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Queen Hatshepsut

Hatshepsut ( /hætˈʃɛpsʊt/;[3] also Hatchepsut; meaning Foremost of Noble Ladies;[4] 1508–1458 BC) was the fifth pharaoh of the eighteenth dynasty of Ancient Egypt. She is generally regarded by Egyptologists as one of the most successful pharaohs, reigning longer than any other woman of an indigenous Egyptian dynasty.[citation needed]Although contemporary records of herreign are documented in diverse ancient sources, Hatshepsut was described by early...

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the God Amon

Amun, reconstructed Egyptian Yamānu[citation needed] (also spelled Amon, Amoun, Amen, and rarely Imen or Yamun, Greek Ἄμμων Ammon, and Ἅμμων Hammon[citation needed]), was a god in Egyptian mythology who in the form of Amun-Ra became the focus of the most complex system of theology in Ancient Egypt. Whilst remaining hypostatic, Amun represented the essential and hidden, whilst in Ra he represented revealed divinity. As the creator deity "par excellence",...

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Amunhotep III

Amenhotep III (sometimes read as Amenophis III; Egyptian Amāna-Ḥātpa; meaning Amun is Satisfied) also known as Amenhotep the Magnificent was the ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty. According to different authors, he ruled Egypt from June 1386 to 1349 BC or June 1388 BC to December 1351 BC/1350 BC[4] after his father Thutmose IV died. Amenhotep III was the son of Thutmose by Mutemwia, a minor wife of Amenhotep's father.[5]His reign was a period...

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Karnak Temple

The Karnak Temple Complex—usually called Karnak—comprises a vast mix of ruined temples, chapels, pylons, and other buildings, notably the Great Temple of Amun and a massive structure begun by Pharaoh Ramses II (ca. 1391–1351 BC). Sacred Lake is part of the site as well. It is located near Luxor, some 500 km south of Cairo, in Egypt. The area around Karnak was the ancient Egyptian Ipet-isut ("The Most Selected of Places") and the main place of worship...

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Luxor Temple

Luxor Temple is a large Ancient Egyptian temple complex located on the east bank of the River Nile in the city today known as Luxor (ancient Thebes) and was founded in 1400 BCE. , Known in the Egyptian language as ipet resyt, or "the southern sanctuary", the temple was dedicated to the Theban Triad of Amun, Mut, and Chons and was built during the New Kingdom, the focus of the annual Opet Festival, in which a cult statue of Amun was paraded down...

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the Temple of Queen Hatshepsut

The Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut is located beneath the cliffs at Deir el Bahari on the west bank of  the Nile near the Valley of the Kings in Egypt. Designed by the architect Senemut, the mortuary temple is dedicated to the sun god Amon-Ra and is located next to the mortuary temple of Mentuhotep II, which served both as an inspiration, and later, a quarry. It is considered one of the "incomparable monuments of ancient Egypt."...

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the Temple of Queen Hatshepsut

The Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut is located beneath the cliffs at Deir el Bahari on the west bank of the Nile near the Valley of the Kings in Egypt. Designed by the architect Senemut, the mortuary temple is dedicated to the sun god Amon-Ra and is located next to the mortuary temple of Mentuhotep II, which served both as an inspiration, and later, a quarry. It is considered one of the "incomparable monuments of ancient Egypt." [1]Although...

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the Temple of Queen Hatshepsut

The Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut is located beneath the cliffs at Deir el Bahari on the west bank of the Nile near the Valley of the Kings in Egypt. Designed by the architect Senemut, the mortuary temple is dedicated to the sun god Amon-Ra and is located next to the mortuary temple of Mentuhotep II, which served both as an inspiration, and later, a quarry. It is considered one of the "incomparable monuments of ancient Egypt." [1]Although...

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the Temple of Queen Hatshepsut

The Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut is located beneath the cliffs at Deir el Bahari on the west bank of the Nile near the Valley of the Kings in Egypt. Designed by the architect Senemut, the mortuary temple is dedicated to the sun god Amon-Ra and is located next to the mortuary temple of Mentuhotep II, which served both as an inspiration, and later, a quarry. It is considered one of the "incomparable monuments of ancient Egypt." [1]Although...

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the Temple of Queen Hatshepsut

The Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut is located beneath the cliffs at Deir el Bahari on the west bank of the Nile near the Valley of the Kings in Egypt. Designed by the architect Senemut, the mortuary temple is dedicated to the sun god Amon-Ra and is located next to the mortuary temple of Mentuhotep II, which served both as an inspiration, and later, a quarry. It is considered one of the "incomparable monuments of ancient Egypt." [1]Although...

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Circumcision in ancient Egypt

circumcision The act of circumcision may have been performed as part of a ceremony akin to the rites of passage in the 'age-grade systems' of many band and tribal societies. A stele of the First Intermediate Period (2181-2055 Be) mentions the circumcision of 120 boys at one time, which perhaps implies a group of individuals of varying ages. It has been suggested, however, that boys would usually have been about fourteen years old when they were...

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Abusir

Abusir A site south of GIZA dating to the Fifth Dynasty(2465–2323 B.C.E.) and containing a vast cemetery andpyramidal complexes. The large pyramid of SAHURÉ (r.2458–2446 B.C.E.) dominates the site that once contained14 such structures, most now reduced to cores of rubbleor stone. Sahuré’s pyramid has a causeway, VALLEY TEMPLE,and a canal intact. The portico of the valley templehas eight columns as well as a large hall provided withwall reliefs and...

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Abu Ghurob

Abu Ghurob A site north of ABUSIR and south of GIZA,containing two sun temples dating to the Fifth Dynasty(2465–2323 B.C.E.). The better preserved temple is thenorthern one, erected by NIUSERRÉ Izi (r. 2416–2392B.C.E.), and dedicated to RÉ, the solar deity of HELIOPOLIS.An OBELISK was once part of the site, and inscriptions ofthe royal HEB-SED ceremonies honoring the ruler’s threedecadereign were removed from the site in the past. Thetemple has...

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Barks of the gods Sacred boats,

barks of the gods Sacred boats, either in miniatureform or full-size, used as part of ancient Egyptianreligious ceremonies, these vessels were important becausethey accentuated the nurturing role of the Nile inEgyptian life through the centuries. The religious significanceof the barks can be traced to the belief in thespiritual Nile, which carried the dead to the variouslevels of eternal paradise and bliss. The spiritual Nileled the deceased out...

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Lisht

Lisht, el- This was a site on the western shore, southof ABUSIR, that served as a necropolis for the city of ITJTAWY,the Twelfth Dynasty capital started by AMENEMHET I(r. 1991–1962 B.C.E.). The pyramids of Amenemhet I andSENWOSRET I (r. 1971–1926 B.C.E.) dominate the region,providing mortuary complexes on the elevated portion ofthe site. The pyramidal complex was called “Amun IsHigh And Beautiful.” Two monuments discovered thereare in the Metropolitan...

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Petra - Jordanie

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Jerash (Jordan)

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The Roman Frontier in Jordan (en, part 2/2)

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The Roman Frontier in Jordan (en, part 2/1

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The Roman Frontier in Jordan (en, part2

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The Roman Frontier in Jordan (en, part1/1)

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PETRA JORDAN

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Memphis

Founded by Mena or Menes ,traditionally the first king of the first dynasty .Memphis or Menufer became the capital of the country during thr old kingdom and probably during the 12 dynasty .When the capital was moved to Thebes during the new kingdom Memphis remained an important city , as indeed it did even after the foundation of Alexandria as the capital by Alexander .It was finally deserted during the early Muslim era .Today little remains of...

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Sound and Light Show at the Pyramids of Giza

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sun boat

sun boatsun boat It was a divine vehicle depicted in an earlycosmogonic myth, the mode by which the god RÉ, orthe sun itself, traveled through the sky into the realmsof night. The sun deity, whether personified as Ré or inhis original form, was thought to travel across the skyon this vessel. Sometimes the boat or bark was shownas a double raft. On his journey, Ré was accompaniedby the circumpolar stars or by his own double. Sometimeshe rowed the...

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-AL-Lahun

The town of Lahun has been dominated since ancient times by the Bahr Yusif, the canal which divers water from the Nile and carries it to Lahun where it is dispersed throughtout the Fayoum.In fact, an ancient papyrus indicates that the name of the town is taken from the ancient Egyptian Ra-Hunt, meaning the opening of the canal. Pyramid Complex of Senusert II, also of the 12 Dyn. The Valley Temple, 1.6km to the E, is very ruined. On the edge of...

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Hawarah

14-Hawarah (Hawarah al-Maqta'). Hawara (Great Mansion ) or Arsinoiton polis, city of the Arsinoans, was the site of the pyramid complex of Amunemhet  the third .Pyramid Complex ol Amenemhat III. There does not appear to have been a causeway or valley temple attached to this pyramid. Of the Pyramid of Amenemhat 111 only the mud-brick core with brick filling between stone walls remains; the limestone casing has long since disappeared. It was...

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Fayyum

The FayyumNamed after the Coptic word phiom or pa – yom ,meaning lake or sea, the triangular depression of the Fayoum looks like a delta .Near to Cairo,  and easily accessible along several well paved highways, the fayoum can be explored in a series of pleasant day trips and offers a wide variety of activities ranging from boating , swimming, and fishing, to visiting antiquities, bird watching, and looking at fossils .Although a visit to the...

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Dahshur

DahshurThis is a site in the Libyan plateau that served as a royal necropolis  in the south of Saqqara .Things to see:Pyramid Complex of Senusert III. It was investigated both by Perring ciml site isVyse in 1839 and de Morgan in 1894. Both found inscriptions of the king in the ruined Mortuary Temple. The Valley Temple, which has never been cleared, is joined to this by a Causeway. The Pyramid of Senusert III is built of mud brick, cased...

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